![]() The ecological risks of the substances in the Parabens Group were characterized using the ecological risk classification of organic substances (ERC), which is a risk-based approach that uses multiple metrics for both hazard and exposure, with weighted consideration of multiple lines of evidence for determining risk classification. Parabens are also naturally present in foods, such as berries, fruit, wine and vanilla. Methylparaben and propylparaben are permitted for use as preservatives in certain foods and beverages sold in Canada. Parabens are also used in pest control products, consumer products, and in prescription and non-prescription drugs. Parabens are widely used as preservatives and fragrance ingredients in cosmetic products, such as moisturizers, make-up, toothpaste, hair/shaving products, and are used as antimicrobial preservatives, fragrance ingredients and flavour enhancers in natural health products (NHPs). Benzylparaben was not reported to be imported or manufactured above threshold values in 2016. In a separate survey, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, iso-propylparaben, and iso-butylparaben were not reported to be manufactured in Canada above the reporting threshold of 100 kg, but were reported to be imported into Canada in 2016 at volumes of 4 000 kg, 8 500 kg, 100 to1 000 kg, 280 kg, and 230 kg, respectively. Review of estrogenic effects of parabensĪccording to information submitted in response to a survey under section 71 of CEPA, methylparaben was reported to be manufactured and imported in Canada in 2011 in volumes of 981 kg and 563 000 kg, respectively. Parameters for estimating oral and dermal exposures to products Estimated daily intake of parabens from biomonitoring data 7.8 Uncertainties in the evaluation of risk to human health.7.7.3 Characterization of risk to human health.7.6.3 Characterization of risk to human health. ![]()
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